Machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

B. T GREENFIELD BOOK STAPLINGMAUHINE.

Patented May 29, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFioE.

EDWIN T. GBEENFIELD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE GREEN- FIELDAUTOMATIC FASTENER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BOOK-STAPL ING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 520,734, dated May 29,1894.

Application filed January 2, 1894. Serial No. 495,474. (No model.)

To all whom it" mag concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN T. GREENFIELD, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have made a new and usef ul Improvement in Paper-Binding Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates particularly to paper binding machines of that typein which a number of sheets of paper, cloth or analogous material arebound together by wire or analogous staples through the agency ofmechanism which first cuts a staple blank, then forms it into a staple,and afterward drives and clinches it through the material to be bound,and to this end it consists in improvements upon an invention disclosedin a prior patent granted to me on the 27th day of December, 1892, andnumbered 488,735.

My invention has for its object, the simplification and rearrangement ofcertain of the parts of the apparatus disclosed in theaforesaid patentin such manner as to render it more compact, cheaper to construct andeasier to operate with less liability of getting out of repair.

In the invention disclosed in the aforesaid patent the wire. sustainingreel is sustained upon an arm located at right angles to the body of themachine and the feeding mechanism therefor is actuated throughthelagency of lovers moved by springs on the backward movement of thestaple forming and staple driving apparatus. In that apparatus also itis necessary to actuate a moving anvil through theagency of independentmechanism for the purpose of gripping or holding the material while astaple is being formed, driven and clinched. The presentinvention isvery much simpler than the structure shown and described insaidpatent,in that the feeding of the wire is effected simply by lifting ortilting'the entire mechanism into a second position after each staple isformed and clinched through the material, the wire sustaining reel andits attachments being located in alignment with the body of the machinethereby diminishing its total size and rendering it more symmetrical inform.

The invention will be fully understood by referring to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates the complete apparatus .partlyin section in full lines in position to form and drive a staple andpartly in elevation in dotted lines in the second position illustratingthe operation of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 2 is a plan view of theentire machine. Fig. 3 is a detail end view of the working parts of thestaple forming and staple driving plungers having a guide-way in theirends for guiding the staple forming wire between them and the stapleforming mandrel. Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sectional views takenthrough the body ofthe machine 011 the line 4-4, Fig. 2, and as seenlooking from the right toward the left in the direction of the arrows,Fig. 4 illustrating the location of the operative parts during theprocess of the forming of a staple, and Fig. 5 the position of the sameparts after the staple has been formed and just preparatory to drivingit through the material to be bound. Fig. 6 is a sectional view takenthrough the body of the machine on the broken line 66,

Fig. 2, and as seen looking from the right toward the left of thedrawings. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken through Fig. 4 onthe broken line 77 and as seen looking from the top toward the bottom ofthe drawings. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the staple clinching anvil.

Referring now to the drawings in detail in all of which like letters ofreference represent like parts wherever used, 13 represents the base ofthe machine preferably cast of a single piece of material and providedwith a hinged bail wire E whichmay be folded up into the hollow portionof the base as shown in dotted lines, or turned to the position shown infull lines, its function being to give the machine greater base supportwithout tilting when the operative portions are lifted by hand into theposition shown in dotted lines, a

Fig. 1.

B is a standardcast integral withthe base IOO forming wire W, said spoolbeing provided with a retaining groove oropening extending across oneend and adapted to receive frietionally a metal cross piece V which issocured through the medium of a bolt V, set nut V and spiral regulatingspring S directly to an arm V said arm being in turn adjustably securedto the standard B by aserew 1;, see Figs. 2 and 6. The outer end of thearm F is of a hollow cylindrical nature and acts as a guide-way andsupport for the staple forming and staple driving plungersp p and theiraccessory parts, the plunger 19 being in turn hollow as shown at I andadmitting of vertical movement of the staple driving plunger 19 throughthe agency of the operating handle 11 and head 72. which rests normallyupon a strong spiral spring S supported in turn by a collar on the upperend of the staple driving plunger 19' said spring acting as a yieldingconnection between the two plungers. The staple forming plunger issustained at one side by a pin which rests upon a second strong spiralspring S coiled around a pin T secured in an opening parallel with theoperating handle H, s being a set screw for limiting the upward movementof the two plungers p 19' and their attached parts under the stress ofthe spring S To the upper end of the staple forming plunger 1) atf' f issecured a pair of pivoted links or arms ff, the free ends of which areadapted to be forced downward by a shoulder upon the operating handle H,said arms or links having vertical movement between a pair of curvedarms F Feast integral with the outer extension of the arm F. These partslast described are not materially different from the corresponding partsdescribed in my prior patent above referred to.

To the lower end of the staple driving plunger 1) is secured,by a pin,aguide block 12 which is grooved on its lower face, its ends extendinglaterally into vertically disposed grooved guide-ways in the inner faceof the staple forming plunger 1), and on opposite sides of the lowerface of the staple forming plunger are ridges or elevations g g formingbetween them a groove g which, under the normal conditions seen in Figs.1 and 3, constitute in conjunction with the groove in the block 19 aguide-way across the face of the two plungers, said joint grooves beingin alignment with a pair of tubular guide-ways k secured in oppositesides of the hollow guide-way for the plungers J p, g being a tubularextension of the tube t adapted to receive the staple forming wire W andguide it into the machine all as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3. i

C is the staple forming mandrel which has horizontal movement in alateral extension of the part F and rests normally with its outerdivided end 0' in the path of the staple forming and staple drivingplungers, said mandrel having a guiding groove 0 in its upper surface inwhich plays a pin 0' extending downward through the part F. To the outerend of this staple forming mandrel is secured a screw 3 around which iscoiled a spiral spring S one end of which bears against the mandrel andthe other against a removable cap f held in place by screws .9 .9 thefunction of the spiral spring being to maintain the staple formingmandrel in its outer position as shown in Fig. 4.

p is a pin carried at the lower end of the staple forming mandrel p andadapted to have frictional bearing upon the inclined end of the stapleforming mandrel so that when itis forced downward it will pass betweenthe divided ends 0 of the mandrel, see Figs. 5 and 7.

A represents the anvil which is preferably of steel and is secured tothe base Bby screws 1) b and dowel pins a a extending from the underside upward. In the upper side of this anvil is a clinching groove alocated in the plane of the direction of movement of the staple formingwire, see Figs. 1 and 8.

r is a ratchet wheel provided, in the present instance, with fiveratchet teeth at sufficient distances apart to feed the staple formingwire forward the required amount for each complete movement of themechanism when it is tilted from the position shown in full lines tothat shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, P being a propelling pawl carriedby the arm F, and d a holding pawl for preventing backward movement ofthe ratchet wheel on restoring the apparatus to the position shown infull lines.

0' is a milled feeding wheel secured to the ratchet wheelr and bothjournaled upon the screw 8.

r is a milled frictional feeding wheel of smaller diameter and carriedby a lever R pivoted to the frame at one end and provided at the otherend with a yielding adjustable spring for limiting the pressure upon thewire Wbetween the two feed wheels r and r 8 p is a back stop carried bythe arm F,its function being to limit the backward movement of the armand operating handle II by coming in contact with the rear face of thestandard 13 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The handle H and arm F arefirst lifted into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. In doingthis the pawl P imparts to the ratchet wheel r and hence to the milledfeed wheel 0' one-fifth of a revolution thereby causing the wire W to befed forward ICC through the tube 9 and guide channel g into the positionshown in Fig. 1 at the same instant the holding pawl d fell into thenext ratchet tooth in advance. The material to be bound is now placedupon the anvil A, and the handle 11 and part F restored to the positionshown in full lines in Fig. 1; the handle II is then struck a sharpblow. During the downward movement of the parts they first assn me theposition shown in Fig. 4 with the shoulder of the handle I-I restingupon the ends of the pivoted links or arms h h thereby causing thestaple forming plunger 1) to be driven forward into the position shownin Fig. 5. The sharp cutting edge of the staple forming mandrel 19 nextto the guide tube therefore cuts off the exposed portion of wire andsimultaneously the other side of the staple forming mandrel cuts off anyportion of wire which may have been forced into the right hand guidetube It, see Fig. 1. the free end 0 of the staple forming mandrel andthis mandrel, as the handle advances, is caused to retreat through theagency of the pin 29 acting upon the inclined face of the mandrelbetween the divided ends 0' thereof as clearly shown in Fig. 5. Thedownward motion continues therefore, the part h ultimately coming intomechanical contact with the staple driving plunger 1) as the spring S iscompressed and finally driving the staple home through the material andclinching it in the clinching groove a. On releasing the handle H theparts are restored to their normal positions through the agency of thesprings S and S and the staple forming mandrel 0 again returns to itsnormal position under the stress of the spring S The material may now beremoved and additional binding staples inserted at various parts asdesired. When the supply of wire W is exhausted the spool S is simplyremoved from the frictional support V by sliding it to one side and asimilar spool with a new supply ofwire is substituted instead, suchan'arrangement forming a simple and efficient means for attachingthewire supply. The tension put upon the wire supply spool by the feedingapparatus is regulated by the set screw V and spiral regulating spring8, the arrangement being such as is apparent on inspection of Fig. 6that increased pressure upon the spiral regulating spring S willincrease the friction between the spool support and the supporting arm VI do not limit myself tothe special details of construction herein shownand described as many of the features may be materially departed fromand still come within the scope of my claims hereinafter made. To make asingle illustration, in place of the friction plate V and the groove inthe spool head S I may substitute a spool having a hole bored throughthe head thereon and a pin adapted to fit in said hole and through acorresponding hole in the rod V, such an arrangement The staple is thenformed around may be removed from over the material being bound and thestaple forming wire afterward fed forward for forming a new staple.

2. A paper binding machine comprising two plungers yieldingly connectedtogether over a stationary anvil, said parts being arranged for forming,driving and clinching wire staples through the material to be bound incombination with wire feeding mechanism; the binding mechanism beingpivotally supported over the material to be bound and provided with pawlmechanism operatively connected to ratchet wire feeding mechanismfixedly secured to the same base with the binding mechanism.

3. In a paper binding machine staple forming and staple driving plungersyieldingly connected together, a staple forming mandrel located in thepath-of said plungers, said mandrel being provided with an inclined faceand one of the plungers with a pin adapted to come into contact withsaid inclined face as the plungers are driven downward, in combinationwith 'wire feeding mechanism secured to the same base and operativelyconnected through ratchet and pawl mechanism with the pivoted parts ofthe apparatus.

4. In apaper binding machineastaple forming plunger and a staple formingmandrel the latter having an inclined face, in combination with a stapledriving plunger and a pin carried by the staple forming plunger forforcing the mandrel aside after the staple is formed the staple formingand staple driving plungers being located the one within the other andyieldingly connected together.

7 5. A paper binding machine having staple forming and staple drivingplungers yieldingly connected together and provided with a continuousgroove or channel in their lower faces said groove or channel beinglocated in alignment with tubular guide-ways on opposite sides incombination with means for feeding wire under the plungers.

6. A paper binding machine having staple forming and staple drivingplungers yieldingly connected together and a staple forming mandrellocated in the downward path of said plungers, in combination withtubular wire guide-ways on opposite sides of the plungers, the stapleforming plunger beingprovided with means for cutting the wire intostaple blanks.

7. In a paper binding machine staple forming and staple driving plungersyieldingly connected together, a staple forming man drel located in thepath of the plungers, all of said parts being pivotally supported on abase over the material to be bound, a spool of feeding mechanism and awire holding spool provided with a retaining groove in one head, incombination with a frictional support and means for regulating thetension put upon the wire in feeding it forward.

9. In a paper binding machine awire holding spool having a groove oropening through one of its heads, a frictional support resting in thegroove and attached to a fixed arm,in combination with means forregulating the frictional bearing between the spool and its supportingarm.

10. A wire holding spool having a groove or opening through one head anda rod or pin fitted therein, in combination with a sustaining bolt, aset nut and regulating spring, substantially as described.

11. A paper binding machine consisting of a staple forming plungersurrounding a staple driving plunger, said plungers being yieldinglyconnected together and yicldingly supported in turn by an arm hinged toa base in combination with an anvil secured to the base, substantiallyas described.

12. A paper binding machine having staple forming and staple drivingplungers located, one within the other and yieldingly connectedtogether, both of: said plungers being in turn yieldingly sustained byan arm pivotally secured to a base, in combination with aclinching anvilattached to the base, and wire feeding mechanism operatively connectedwith the base and the pivoted portion, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 28th day ofDecember, 1893.

EDWIN T. GREENFIELD.

\Vitnesses:

G. J. KINTNER, M. M. ROBINSON.

